Ovqatlanadigan fermentlarning fermentatsiya jarayoni

An'anaviy fermentatsiya jarayoni

The production process of traditional fruit and vegetable enzymes generally has the following processes: raw material selection and impurity removal→cleaning→cutting→canning→sealed fermentation→filtration (fermentation liquid)→testing→bagging (sterilization), etc. Mainly put sugars, natural fruits and vegetables and water into ceramic fermentation tanks (without adding any other chemical substances) according to the golden ratio, and ferment at the mouth of the water-sealed tank. Open the tank for a certain period of time and stir, then seal and continue the fermentation at room temperature. Naturally ferment for six months to two years to obtain the plant essence, that is, the original enzyme prepared by the traditional enzyme fermentation process. Due to the simple operation of this process, it is often used as the main method of household enzyme production, of which the closed fermentation process is the most critical, which will affect the final product quality. Studies have shown that adding higher concentrations of isomaltose, sucrose or rice vinegar and other ingredients can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria and the production of alcohol. However, traditional enzymes use natural fermentation technology, which is a closed fermentation system with mixed bacteria symbiosis, which has problems such as complicated parameter changes, difficult to control, and long fermentation cycle, which is not suitable for standardized production. In order to realize the large-scale industrialization and process production of edible enzymes, in recent years, researchers have mainly conducted research from two aspects: liquid fermentation and solid-state fermentation.

Suyuq fermentatsiya Ushbu bosqichda fermentlarni ishlab chiqarish asosan suyuq fermentatsiyani (shuningdek, suv ostida fermentatsiya deb ataladi) qabul qiladi, unda don, meva, sabzavotlar, qo'ziqorinlar, dorivor va qutulish mumkin bo'lgan o'simliklar va boshqa xom ashyo xom ashyoni yaxshilash uchun fermentatsiya uchun foydali bakteriyalar bilan emlanadi. Lazzat bering, yangi faol moddalar ishlab chiqaring. Shu bilan birga, suyuq fermentatsiyaning fermentatsiya mahsulotlariga mavsumiy omillar, fermentatsiya muhiti va fermentatsiya tizimidagi mikroorganizmlar kabi omillar muqarrar ravishda ta'sir qiladi. Shuning uchun fermentatsiyadan so'ng, vakuumli muzlatish-quritish, purkagich bilan quritish va suyuqlik fermenti tarkibidagi suvning katta qismini olib tashlash uchun boshqa texnik vositalar nafaqat biologik faollikka ega bo'lgan qattiq fermentlarni olishi mumkin, balki fermentatsiya paytida mikroorganizmlarning inaktivatsiyasini oldini oladi. tashish va saqlash. Gaz-qovuriladigan shishalarni hosil qilish kabi hodisa, masalan, jigarrang guruch suyuq fermentatsiyada probiyotiklarni emlash uchun xom ashyo sifatida ishlatiladi va jigarrang guruch fermenti kukunini olish uchun-quritiladi va maydalanadi.

Solid-state fermentation The solid-state fermentation of edible enzymes is anhydrous fermentation on a solid substrate with a certain humidity. The solid fermentation substrate can be used as a fermentation substrate to provide carbon and nitrogen sources for the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms, thereby promoting nutrient absorption and transformation. Research and practice have shown that filamentous fungi, bacteria and yeasts can ferment on solid substrates such as fruit peels and soybeans to produce enzymes, organic acids and other biologically active substances. For solid-state fermented enzymes, the types, content, and stability of the enzyme products are different due to their different fermentation conditions and conditions. However, from the current research, most of the raw materials for the production of enzymes contain a large amount of water and are not easy to carry out solid-state fermentation. The main problems in today's solid-state fermentation process include difficulty or insufficient mixing, and difficulty in controlling the fermentation rate and temperature during the fermentation process. Therefore, the solid-state fermentation edible enzyme technology needs to be further improved to meet the needs of large-scale industrial production.